Dalfampridine
Indications
Dalfampridine is used for:
Multiple Sclerosis
Adult Dose
Multiple Sclerosis
Indicated to improve walking in patients with multiple sclerosis by increasing walking speed
10 mg PO bid with or without food; take doses 12 hr apart
Extended-release tablet; swallow tablet whole and do not chew, crush, divide, or dissolve tablets
Child Dose
<18 years: Safety and efficacy not established
Renal Dose
Renal impairment
Moderate-to-severe (CrCl <50 mL/min): Contraindicated due to increased risk of seizures
Mild (CrCl 51-80 mL/min): Risk of seizure unknown, but plasma levels may be similar to levels of 15 mg PO bid, a dose that is possibly associated with increased seizure risk
Administration
Contra Indications
Hypersensitivity
Moderate or severe renal impairment (CrCl ≤50 mL/min)
History of seizure
Precautions
Seizures reported; permanently discontinue if seizure occurs; majority of seizures happened within days to weeks after starting the recommended dose and occurred in patients having no history of seizures
Age-related decreases in renal function, and mild renal impairment is common after age 50 yr, plasma levels may approach those seen at dose of 15 mg twice daily, a dose that may be associated with an increased risk of seizures; even when serum creatinine is normal, renal function should be assessed by estimating creatinine clearance
Do not take with other forms of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, fampridine) to avoid adverse reaction due to the same active ingredient
Estimate CrCl before initiating (see Contraindications and Renal Impairment)
Do not double dose or take extra if dose missed
Anaphylaxis and severe allergic reactions; signs and symptoms have included respiratory compromise, urticaria, and angioedema of the throat and or tongue; discontinue immediately and do not restart (see Contraindications)
UTIs reported more frequently in clinical trials vs. placebo
Pregnancy-Lactation
Pregnancy
There are no adequate data on developmental risk associated with use in pregnant women
Animal data
Administration to animals during pregnancy and lactation resulted in decreased offspring viability and growth at clinically relevant doses
Lactation
There are no data on presence of drug in human milk, effects on breastfed infant, or on milk production; developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with mother’s clinical need for therapy and any potential adverse effects on breastfed infant from drug or from underlying maternal condition
Interactions
Contraindicated (0)
Serious (1)
trilaciclib
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Dalfampridine :
>10%
Urinary tract infection (12%)
1-10%
Insomnia
Dizziness
Headache
Nausea
Asthenia
Back pain
Balance disorder
Multiple sclerosis relapse
Paresthesia
Nasopharyngitis
Constipation
Dyspepsia
Pharyngolaryngeal pain
Dose-related increased risk of seizures
Mechanism of Action
Mechanism not completely understood, but in animal studies shown to block potassium channels, to delay repolarization and to increase duration of action potentials in demyelinated axons
Does not prolong QTc interval